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Sex trafficking of women and children in Thailand
Trafficking in persons, as defined by the UN, is the "recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of deception, of the abuse of power or of position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation." Thailand is a source, destination, and transit country for sex trafficking of women and children. With the publication of its ''2014 Trafficking in Persons () Report'', the US State Department downgraded Thailand to "Tier 3", the lowest level possible, for its failure to show improvements in eliminating human trafficking. This places Thailand in the company of 22 other recalcitrant nations, including North Korea, Syria, and the Central African Republic.
==Patterns of exploitation==
With regard to sex trafficking of Thai citizens, there are two general patterns that exist in Thailand. The older pattern is one where a woman or child is recruited from a village to a larger town, where she is forced into the sex industry. Sometimes, she may be transported to a foreign country.〔"Thailand: Trafficking in Women and Children." Women's International Network News 29.4 (2003): 53-54. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 23 Sep 2010.〕 A more recent pattern is one in which a person is transported from a village directly to a foreign country.〔 The Foundation for Women found that the women in the one-step direct recruitment pattern are more likely to be exposed to harsher forms of sexual exploitation.〔 Once the women and girls are transported to the destination country, they are forced into prostitution, sometimes serving locals and sometimes sex tourists, depending on the location.
In Thailand, local women and children are trafficked into other countries, especially wealthier Asian countries. It is estimated that 100,000 to 200,000 Thai females, including girls and women, work in a variety of overseas venues where sex is sold. The number of trafficked Thai females in Japan alone is between 50,000 and 70,000.〔Bower, Bruce. "Childhood's End." Science News 168.13 (2005): 200-201. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 23 Sep 2010.〕 Most of these females are between the ages of 12 and 16 and are sent to brothels in the destination country.〔Hughes, Donna M., Laura J. Sporcic, Nadine Z. Mendelsohn, and Vanessa Chirgwin. "Factbook on Global Sexual Exploitation: Thailand." Thailand - Facts on Trafficking and Prostitution. Coalition Against Trafficking in Women. Web. 12 Oct 2010.〕
Trafficking in Thailand is not limited to Thai citizens; many women and children from other countries are trafficked into Thailand to work in the Thai sex industry. In recent years there have been numerous cases of Burmese, Cambodian, and Lao women and children trafficked into Thai brothels in northern provinces such as Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai; central and eastern provinces such as Trat, Samut Prakan, Samut Sakhon, Chonburi, and Chumphon; and, Songkhla, Narathiwat, and Pattani near the southern Malaysian border. More than 80,000 women and children have been sold into the Thai sex industry since 1990.〔 The majority of sex workers in Thailand are foreigners and more than 60% of females entering the country to work in the sex industry are under the age of 18.〔 There are 75,000 prostituted children in Thailand. This includes both children trafficked into Thailand and local children.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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